Power-Pico/README_EN.md

<p align="right">
  <a href="./README.md">中文</a> | <b>English</b>
</p>

<div align="center">
  <h1 align="center">Power-Pico</h1>
  <p align="center">A Product-Grade Portable USB Ammeter and Low-Power Measurement Analyzer</p>

  <img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/Version-1.0.5-blue">
  <img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/License-Apache2.0-green">
  <img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/MCU-STM32F411-lightblue">
  <img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/UI-LVGL_v9.2-red">
  <img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/OS-FreeRTOS-green">
  <br>
  <img src="https://img.shields.io/github/stars/No-Chicken/Power-Pico.svg">
</div>

---

## 📖 Project Introduction

**Power-Pico** is more than just a USB ammeter. It is a **high-precision, low-power analysis tool** designed specifically for embedded developers. To overcome the physical limitations of traditional ammeters in the μA-level measurement, Power-Pico adopts an innovative **multi-range auto-switching sampling** design, achieving full-range coverage from $1\mu A$ to $5A$.

<p align="center">
	<a href="https://space.bilibili.com/34154740">my bilibili</a> |
	<a href="https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1c7wuzSEqx/">demo video </a> |
    <a href="https://oshwhub.com/no_chicken/powerpico">hardware open source</a>
</p>

<p align="center">
    <img border="1px" width="75%" src="./images/main2316.png">
</p>

### ✨ Core Features

- **μA-Level High Precision**: Utilizes the INA190 zero-drift amplifier with three-resistor segmented sampling.
- **Protocol Trigger**: Supports PD2.0 PPS protocol triggering, with up to 20V/5A output.
- **High-Performance UI**: Based on STM32F411 + LVGL v9.2, providing a smooth real-time waveform display.
- **Elegant PC Client**: Comes with the Power-Pico Client developed with PySide6, supporting data export and real-time power analysis.
- **Universal Type-C**: All interfaces are Type-C, allowing for easy connection to accessories like Type-C to alligator clips.
- **3D Printed Enclosure**: Provides a complete design for a user-friendly 3D printed enclosure and acrylic panel.


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## 🛠️ Hardware Parameter

<div align="center">

| Module | Model | Advantage |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| **MCU** | STM32F411CEU6 | 100MHz high frequency, supports DSP instructions to accelerate waveform processing |
| **Current Sensing** | INA190 | 0.5nA input bias current, the core guarantee for μA-level measurement |
| **ADC** | 12-bit (STM32 Internal) | Achieves high-speed stable sampling above 10kHz with DMA |
| **Screen** | 1.54" TFT (ST7789) | 240x240 resolution, high-contrast display |

</div>

---

## 🚀 Quick Replication

### 1. Hardware
Solder the hardware yourself, or purchase a pre-soldered and assembled kit from Taobao.
LCSC Open Source Hub page: https://oshwhub.com/no_chicken/powerpico

### 2. Firmware Compilation and Flashing
The project is developed based on Keil MDK:
1. Clone the repository: `git clone https://github.com/kingham/Power-Pico.git`
2. Flash the BootLoader via the SWD port.
3. Compile PowerPico yourself. The generated `.bin` file can then be flashed using the PowerPico Client.

### 3. Assembly

The physical assembly is shown in the figure below:

<p align="center">
    <img width="45%" src="./images/PCBA.jpg">
    &nbsp;
    <img width="45%" src="./images/3Dall.jpg">
</p>

The exploded 3D view is as follows:

<p align="center">
    <img width="45%" src="./images/boom.png">
    &nbsp;
    <img width="40%" src="./images/boom.gif">
</p>

### 4. Running the PC Client
Install and use the PowerPico Client. Currently, it only supports Windows operation system.

## 🛠️ User Guide

1. Hardware Operation

    The button operations and various interface displays of Power-Pico are shown below. The top button is the **Page Switch/Boot** button. Press and hold the top button before powering on to enter Boot mode for a forced firmware upgrade.

    The Power-Pico hardware currently supports 2 languages: **Simplified Chinese/English**.

    <p align="center">
        <img width="25%" src="./images/key_func.png">
        &nbsp;
        <img width="25%" src="./images/startup_page.png">
    </p>
    <p align="center">
        <img width="25%" src="./images/main_page.png">
        &nbsp;
        <img width="25%" src="./images/set_page.png">
    </p>
    <p align="center">
        <img width="25%" src="./images/pps_page1.png">
        &nbsp;
        <img width="25%" src="./images/pps_page2.png">
    </p>

2. PPS Spoofing Instructions

    First, enter the Settings interface, go to the Spoof/Trigger option, click confirm to enter, and then you can adjust the voltage. Note: Currently, only PPS triggering is supported! Make sure to check if your charger block supports the corresponding protocols during testing.

    <p align="center">
        <img width="100%" src="./images/test/PPS.gif">
    </p>

3. Client Operation

    The PowerPico Client for PC can be used for waveform viewing, recording, exporting, and upgrading the firmware of the hardware. The client currently supports 4 languages: **Simplified Chinese/Traditional Chinese/English/Japanese**.

    For detailed instructions on using the PowerPico Client, please refer to: [Client Operation Manual](https://no-chicken.com/content/Power-Pico/UserManual/client_operation.html)

    <p align="center">
        <img width="45%" src="./images/wave_client1.png">
        &nbsp;
        <img width="45%" src="./images/firmware_client.png">
    </p>
    <p align="center">
        <img width="45%" src="./images/wave_client2.png">
        &nbsp;
        <img width="45%" src="./images/set_client.png">
    </p>

---

## 🔍️ Accuracy Measurement

<b>Note: There is usually a resistor (MΩ level) between the VBUS and GND inside a Type-C cable, which will slightly affect the measurement.</b>

Comparison using an SDM3055 6.5-digit multimeter is shown below:

<p align="center">
    <img width="45%" src="./images/test/50u.jpg">
    &nbsp;
    <img width="45%" src="./images/test/500u.jpg">
</p>
<p align="center">
    <img width="45%" src="./images/test/500m.png">
    &nbsp;
    <img width="45%" src="./images/test/1.8A.jpg">
</p>

<div align="center">

| SDM3055 Reading | Power-Pico Reading | Absolute Error | Relative Error |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| 52.03 uA | 52.05 uA | 0.02uA | 0.4% |
| 518.84 uA | 518.4 uA | 0.5 uA | 1.0% |
| 5.22 mA |	5.29 mA | 0.07 mA |	1.3% |
| 469.3 mA | 482.7 mA |	13.4 mA | 2.9% |
| 1.78 A | 1.81 A |	0.03 A | 1.7% |
| 5.19 V | 5.24 V | 0.05 V | 1.0% |
| 15.20 V | 15.56 V | 0.36 V | 2.4% |
| 19.98 V | 20.17 V | 0.19 V | 1.0% |

</div>

---

## 📂 Project Structure
```text
Power-Pico/
├── Firmware/        # Firmware, including BootLoader.hex and App.bin
├── Hardware/        # Schematics
├── 3D models/       # STL files for 3D printing the enclosure
└── Software/        # MDK software project for PowerPico, including BootLoader and App
```

---

## 💻 Code Framework

Similar to previous projects, it uses a BootLoader + App structure for easy USB upgrades. The program partitioning is shown below.

<ul>
<li>The initial 48kB area of sectors 0, 1, and 2 is the BootLoader area.</li>
<li>The 16kB area of the 3rd sector is the upgrade information area, used for verifying the integrity of the App on startup. For specific verification details, see the BootLoader code.</li>
<li>The area starting from the 4th sector at 0x08010000 is the App area (A/B partitioning is not used due to insufficient on-chip Flash).</li>
</ul>

<p align="center">
    <img width="75%" src="./images/flash.png">
</p>

High-speed data transmission is performed via USB. The data packet structure is shown below. Each packet contains 100 data sets, totaling 711 bytes including the header.

<p align="center">
    <img width="75%" src="./images/protocol.png">
</p>

---

📖 References

<ul>
    <li style="margin-bottom:8px"><a href="https://github.com/ryan-ma/PD_Micro">[1] PD_Micro - USB-C PD3.0 PPS on ATMega32U4 Arduino board</a></li>
    <li style="margin-bottom:8px"><a href="https://wiki.luatos.com/iotpower/cc/index.html">[2] IoT Power-CC 3D printed shell structure</a></li>
    <li style="margin-bottom:8px"><a href="https://doc.qt.io/qtforpython-6/PySide6/QtWidgets/index.html">[3] PySide6 user manual</a></li>
    <li style="margin-bottom:8px"><a href="https://qfluentwidgets.com/zh/pages/about">[4] QFluentWidgets - Make QT Great Again</a></li>
    <li style="margin-bottom:8px"><a href="https://pyqtgraph.readthedocs.io/en/latest/getting_started/index.html">[5] PyQtGraph user manual</a></li>
    <li style="margin-bottom:8px"><a href="https://www.st.com/en/development-tools/stsw-stm32102.html">[6] STM32 USB vitual serial port driver demo</a></li>
    <li style="margin-bottom:8px"><a href="https://github.com/lvgl/lvgl">[7] LVGL - Embedded graphics library </a></li>
</ul>

---

🤝 Contribute

Welcome to submit Issues or Pull Requests to add new features to the project or fix code bugs!!